MPOX: A RE-EMERGING INFECTION

World Health Organization (WHO)'s declaration on July 23, 2022 regarding Mpox (previously Monkey pox) outbreak appeared as Public Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC). Although, WHO, in May 2023 declared an end to the global health emergency for Mpox, but still, it is still prevalent and public awareness should continue.1 This viral Zoonotic contagious disease was first discovered 1958 when two outbreaks occurred monkeys kept research Denmark, hence name “monkeypox”. The human case monkeypox recorded 1970 Democratic Republic Congo.2
 Orthopoxvirus infections can cause a spectrum febrile rash illnesses humans, ranging from fairly benign, localized skin severe systemic infections. Other diseases confused with vesicular rashes are smallpox, generalized vaccinia (vaccinia virus used smallpox vaccination), disseminated herpes zoster, simplex, drug eruptions, erythema multiforme, buffalopox, scabies, enteroviral infections, insect bites, impetigo, molluscum contagiosum, meningococcemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. most striking feature that distinguishes others presence cervical lymphadenopathy, while all other orthopoxviral this absent.3,5
 When suspicion strong, nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT), using real-time or conventional PCR Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) preferred laboratory test. recommended specimen type confirmation lesion material, including swabs surface and/or exudate, roofs
 more than one lesion, crusts. Many individuals infected have mild, self-limiting course absence specific therapy. However, disease, treatment after infectious consultation be considered immunoglobulin intravenous (VIGIV), antivirals brincidofovir tecovirimat.2 prognosis depends multiple factors such previous vaccination status, initial concurrent comorbidities.6 In addition infection control measures, people need get vaccinated, where available, best protection against mpox.2
 National Institute (NIH), Islamabad, Pakistan, under guidance Ministry Services Regulations & Coordination (NHSR&C) has issued Guidelines Mpox. NIH also developed bottom-up approach flow information reporting.7 relationship between raised anxieties misperceptions among public, patients, healthcare providers. Misinformation about already begun circulate. engaged. Targeted risk-communication strategies developed. There regions maintain preparedness response. warrants strongest medical, scientific, political effort.